11th Class English Chapter 01 Pakistan Zindabad

11th Class English OR 1st Year English Notes

Chapter 01 Pakistan Zindabad

Q:1:How was the Quaid-e-Azam greeted on 7th August, 1947 in Karachi?
Ans)A large warm-hearted and enthusiastic crowd welcomed Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of Pakistan and the first Governor General General of the country, at Maripur Airport, Karachi on 7 August 1947. The procession of the people that stretched from airport to the city was raising the slogans “Pakistan Zindabad” and “Quaid-Azam Zindabad”. The people of Karachi were grateful to the Father of the Nation and they gathered at the Maripur airport to give him a warm and historic reception. They wanted to pay the heartiest homage to the man who had won freedom for them and founded a new and separate homeland for them. he had changed their dream into reality, by virtue of his firm faith, determination, tireless struggle and wisdom. 

Q:2: What was the Quaid’s response to that warm welcome?
Ans)Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah did not show any warmth in response to the shouts of joys. Although, he waved his hands to participate in the merriment and joys of the excited people but he did not appear to be in high spirits. In fact, he was sad from the core of heart on that grand occasion.  

Q:3:What did people decide on 23rd March?
Ans)In a historic gathering at Minto Park Lahore, the Muslims of the subcontinent took epoch-making decision on 23rd March, 1940. They decided to acquire freedom from British rule to have a separation from the dominating rule of Hindu majority, to demand for provincial autonomy to turn down all the decisions, which fail to give the Muslims a separate homeland of their own. The incident was named as Pakistan Resolution. It is a land marked the history for our homeland. It was through this decision that the Muslims of the sub-continent put up the demand for a separate and independent homeland. 

Q:4:What in your opinion was the cause of the Quaid-e-Azam’s sadness?
Ans)In August 1947, whole of the subcontinent was echoing with the shouts and slogans of “Pakistan Zindabad”. The birth city of Quaid, Karachi, was the spearhead of that movement. However, the Quaid was seen in gloom and pathos. Probably, he was worried about the miserable plight of the people who were migrating from India to Pakistan. They had to cross the sea of blood to reach their new homeland. The price they paid for their liberty was quite high. 

Q:5:What did the Quaid-e-Azam do with his former enemies after the formation of Pakistan?
Ans)The Quaid-e-Azam believed the dictum ‘peace with all’. After partition, he raised the hand of friendship with his former enemies. For his futuristic vision, he stated, “…and yet the enemy of today is a friend of tomorrow”. His motto “Live and let others live” ascends him to the height of the messenger of peace. 

Q:6:What are the ideals of the Quaid-e-Azam regarding religious freedom for all?
Ans)Immediately after freedom, the Quaid-e-Azam assured all the people of Pakistan of their independence in letter and spirit. He stated, “You are free, you are free to go to your temples, mosques, or any other place of worship In this state of Pakistan” He assured them that all the people of Pakistan are equal citizens of this state without any discrimination of creed, caste, colour, and religion. 

Q:7: Why did Kashmir not join Pakistan? Or
What was the most serious blow to the Quaid-i-Azam soon before his death?
Ans)The forced and unjust separation of Kashmir from Pakistan was the most serious blow to the sick and frail Father of the Nation. He was on the death-bed. He was deeply shocked by the news that the Hindu Maharajah was taking the people away from Pakistan, forcibly and against their will and wish. In fact, the valley of Kashmir was an independent state. The fate of Kashmir had to be decided by the free will of the people. Without conducting plebiscite, the Indian aggression devoured a wide area of Kashmir. It all happened entirely against the aspirations and wishes of the people of Kashmir. Maharajah of the valley, Gulab Singh, supported Indian act. This was treacherous on his part that had put the people of Kashmir into the woods. The Quaid’s condition grew worse. He was sick, exhausted and helpless. He was not in a position to struggle for the liberation and protection of the people of Kashmir. 

Q:8:Why did the Muslims of India start Pakistan movement?
Ans)When the roots of British became weak in India, it delighted all without any difference. Sooner, with the dominating influence of Indian National Congress, the Muslims of India felt their freedom in danger. To the Muslims the departure of English government meant nothing but mere a change of masters. The Muslims began to demand a separate peace of land for a nation. 

Q:9:Why does the writer apply the word “terrible” to the first year of Pakistan’s history as an independent state?

Ans)The first year of Pakistan was the most critical time for the people of the newly created country. The writer calls it the terrible first year because it opened Pandora Box for all in so many ways. It included: * Historic migration * Large scale brutal killings * Rehabilitation of immigrants * Provision of basic necessities * New country, new flag, new capital, inexperienced administration, worse economy, and various explosive incidents brought terrific state of things to Pakistan.

Q:10:Write a few lines about the personality of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
Ans) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah is a man of par excellence. He is a man of so many virtues. He is a person of firm and resolute will. He is by far the strongest advocate of human rights for all. In politics, he never allowed duplicity and confronted his rivals quite in a frank and straightforward way. British rule collapsed and Congress supremacy decayed because of the leadership of him.

PAKISTAN ZINDABAD 

Introduction 

Part-1 

This article, falling into two parts, speaks of the birth of Quaid-e-Azam. Part-1 recounts  the father of the nation, Quaid-e-Azam, arrival in Karachi. It tells us the great leader’s  feelings on the occasion of joy after achieving his goal. 

Part-2 

Part-2 describes the year 1933, when Chaudary Rehmat Ali coined the word Pakistan as  a name of a Muslim state to be carved out in this sub-continent. This idea was adopted  by the Muslim League in march, 1940. The Quaid-e-Azam then declared “No power on  earth can prevent Pakistan”. He met stiff opposition from the Hindus. To counter it he  founded the well known English newspaper Dawn. Even some Muslim were against him  and a Khaksar attacked him with a knife. The Quaid-e-Azam survived and struck to his  guns. Even Gandhi-Jinnah talks failed. Finally, Britain decided at the end of this second  world war to quit on 15th August, 1947, and hand over her powers to the two new states.  This was a great victory for Quaid-e-Azam. Terrible time was followed at the time of  patrician when half a million Muslims were killed or carried away for prisoners. Five and  half million Hindus left Pakistan while six and half million Muslims migrated here. The  last year of Quaid-e-Azam’s life was made terrible due to the fate of Kashmir.  

Summary 

Part-1 

On 7th August, 1947 a vast crowd had gathered at the Maripur Airport, Karachi to  welcome the founder of the nation. Quaid-eAzam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He arrived  there as the first Governor General of their new state Pakistan. As soon as he appeared  before them, they cried out with one voice, Pakistan Zindabad. From the airport the Quaid-e-Azam drove to the city through their unceasing shouts of  joy. But he kept quite calm and betrayed no emotions. Perhaps his thoughts were with  numerous persons who were being killed in their effort to reach their new homeland. It  was only on Independence Day that he went to the balcony and smiled for a few  moments at the cheering crowd. The people then saw how warmhearted he really was. Though tired, the Quaid-e-Azam had the satisfaction that he had done the major part of  the work. Indian Muslims were a small defeated group. But under his leadership. They  had become the fifth largest Muslim state of the modern times. 

A few days later, the Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah declared that every one is  allowed to live according to their religion in the state of Pakistan.  

Part-2 

The word Pakistan was invented by Chaudary Rehmat Ali, in 1933. Its initials are taken  from various parts of Muslim areas like P for The Punjab, K for Kashmir, and it denotes  the land of the people who are spiritually pure and clean. In 1940, they passed a Pakistan Resolution, which was the great landmark in the history  of Muslims. It decided that Muslim and Hindus are separate nations and they should be  divided in no time. The Quaid-e-Azam made the people aware by visiting and publishing a newspaper which  he called Dawn. Muslims welcomed the newspaper of his own. After that Quaid-e-Azam  and Gandhi met for the last time to reach an agreement but all went vain. Britain  declared that she would give India self government and leaving the India by 15th of  August, 1947. They should decide in no time either they want to join Pakistan or India.  The N.W.F.P, Balochistan, Sindh, The West Punjab and the West Bengal voted for  Pakistan which had seventy million persons. Forty million Muslims were left in India. At  last Pakistan and India came into being as two separate states.

Pakistan’s first year was terrible. Half million Indian Muslims were either killed or taken  prisoner. Six and half million Muslims had to leave their homes and came to Pakistan as  refugees from India atrocities. The Quaid-e-Azam was shocked at the killing and  destruction. Despite this he extended his hand of friendship towards India saying that  one who is an enemy of today may very well become a friend tomorrow. 

The Quaid-e-Azam was now old, ill and tired. But the last year of his life made him very  sad when he learnt that the Hindu Maharaja of Kashmir had made over the state of  India against the wishes of its Muslim inhabitants who wanted to belong to Pakistan.  But the great leader was took weak struggle for a just solution of the Kashmir issue. He  was away from Karachi but flew back to it and died ther. He was buried into the heart of  the city. 

Multiple Choice Questions 

1. “Pakistan Zindabad” is written by ____________.  

John Milton John Walton John Brown John Rockefeller 

2. A shining, silver aircraft circled over the airport at ____________. 

Mauripur Malir Drig Road Korangi 

3. ____________was the first Governor General of Pakistan. 

Liaquat Ali Khan Quaid-e-Azam  

Muhammad Ali  

Jinnah Ghulam Muhammad Lord Mountbatten 

4. The Muslims who tried to reach their new homeland, were attacked and killed on  the roads and ____________. 

Railways Airport Seaports Forests 

5. A small defeated group of the Muslim had become the__________ largest nation in  the world. 

Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh 

6. The Pakistan resolution was passed on ____________. 

21st March 1940 22nd March 1940 23rd March 1940 24th March 1940

7. The name Pakistan was invented in ____________. 

1933 1934 1935 1936

8. The word Pakistan was invented by ____________. 

Choudhary Khaliq uz-Zaman Choudhary Rahmat  Ali Ghulam Muhammad Khawaja Nazim-ud din

9. Choudhary Rahmat Ali was then a ____________ student.  

Cambridge Harvard Moscow Turk 

10.The Quaid-e-Azam founded a newspaper called____________. 

News Dawn Muslim Jews 

11.Lord Mountbatten become the last Viceroy of India in ____________.  

February 1947 March 1947 April 1947 June 1947

12.____________ Muslims were leaving Pakistan.

Four and half  

million Five and a half  

million Six and a half  

million Seven and a half  million 

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q#1: Who named our country Pakistan? 

Ans: Choudhury Rahmat Ali, a Cambridge student, coined the name of Pakistan in  1933, in a pamphlet, named, “Now or Never.” He passed his life fighting for the  same idea. 

Q# 2: How many people crossed the borders at the time of partition? Ans: When the sub-continent was partitioned in to Pakistan and India, and people  got freedom to choose the part of land to live on, they immediately travelled to  cross the borders of newly made countries. Six and half millions Muslims left  India and five and half million Hindus left Pakistan. 

Q#3: How was the acronym of Pakistan made? 

Ans: Choudhury Rahmat Ali wrote in his pamphlet, “Now or never”, that Pakistan is a  word of Urdu and Persian languages. Pak (Urdu) means “pure and clean”, and  stan (Persian) means “land/place”. So Pakistan means Land of pure and clean people. It  is composed of the letters taken from the different homelands of Muslims (Asian and  Indian). It means that Punjab, Afghania (NWFP), Kashmir, Iran, Sindh (inc. Kuch and  Kathiwar), Tukharistan and Balochistan. 

Q#4: Who was the first Governor General of Pakistan? 

Ansr: Quaid-e-Azam was made the first Governor General of Pakistan, in reward of  his struggle and because of his wise leadership throughout the Pakistan  movement. 

Q#5: Who was the last Viceroy of India? 

Ans: In the crucial period of Indian history and at the time of final settlement of  Hindu-Muslim dispute Lord Mount Batten was sent to the Sub-continent, as  the last Viceroy of India to find out the best way to hand over the government to  Muslims and Hindus. 

Q#6: When and where was the Pakistan resolution passed? (2010) 

Ans: In an annual meeting of All India Muslim League, from 22nd to 24th March 1940 at  Lahore, a resolution was passed on 23rd March 1940. It was called “Pakistan  Resolution”. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah presided the meeting and A.K.  Fazl-e-Haque proposed the resolution. It was acknowledged & accepted readily and  whole-heartedly by the leaders and the audience alike. 

Q#7: State briefly what the Pakistan resolution declared? (2010) 

Ans: Pakistan resolution declared that all the Muslims of sub-continent would not  agree to any plan that failed to give them independence and sovereignty at state  level. In other words they wanted all areas of sub-continent where there were  more Muslims than Hindus to be combined and made an independent  sovereign state. 

Q#8: What were the provinces that voted to join Pakistan? 

Ans: The provinces that voted and wanted to join Pakistan were: Sindh, The North West frontier Province, Punjab, Sylhet and East Bengal. Some other provinces  and states, too, wanted to join Pakistan but due to some untold reasons they  were not allowed to do so. 

Q#9: Why did Kashmir not join Pakistan? (2011) 

Ans: The state of Kashmir was sold to the British only for 75 lacks by a Hindu  Maharaja Dogar Singh. He didn’t want Kashmir to join Pakistan, even though  Kashmir was the state of Muslim majority.

Q#10: How large was the population of Pakistan when it became independent? 

Ans: At the time of independence, the population of Pakistan is as large as 70 millions.  Although some other, about 40 million Muslims were left in other part of the  continent, India, but still it can be said that the majority of the Muslims now got their  own home in the form of Pakistan.  

Q#11: How does Pakistan compare in size and population with the other nations of  the world? 

Ans: When Pakistan appeared on the globe it was the largest Islamic State and the  fifth greatest state of the World with respect to size and population. 

Q#12: Why does the writer apply the word terrible to the first year of Pakistan’s history  as an independent nation? (2013) 

Ans: When Pakistan got rid of British domination and tried to establish a new  democracy it had to face a lot of difficulties. Because it had no capital, no infra structure, no machinery and no any other favorable circumstances to start  with. More than that planned riots among Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims  compelled millions of people to migrate across the borders. That crucial part of  history of newly born Pakistan is rightly called “the terrible first year”. 

Q#13: Where is the tomb of Quaid-e-Azam? 

Ans: After the death of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah the nation greatly  esteemed him, in fact, sacred him as holy and buried him, with honor, in the  centre of the city he was born in. So his tomb is in Karachi where he is  peacefully resting under a glorious mausoleum. 

Q#14: What was the difference between Jinnah and Gandhi? 

Ans: Primarily the major difference between Jinnah and Gandhi was that Gandhi  was a traditional politician, diplomatic in his approach towards all political  issues, & Jinnah was as out-spoken and straight forward as no other politician  can be compared with. Besides this they both were the best explanation of Two Nation Theory. Gandhi was, all in all, a Hindu and Jinnah was, through & trough, a Muslim. They had profound Principal Contradictions between them.  

Q#15: What was the age of Quaid-e-Azam at the time of death? 

Ans: He was over seventy when the struggle against his all sufferings, diseases and  weakness, came to an end. 

Q16: What were the feelings of Quaid-e-Azam when he came to Pakistan on August 7, 1947?  (2015/2017) 

Ans: When Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah landed Karachi on 7th August, 1947. He was calm and  serious. Perhaps he was thinking about the homeless people who migrated from India. Quaid-e-Azam  always hated violence and tyranny that’s why his behaviour was too severe on that day. He gave no sign of  his feelings if he felt joy or pride for what he had done. For only once or twice he smiled, and we could see  a warm hearted man behind stern Quaid-e-Azam.  

Q17: How did the people receive their Quaid in Karachi on 7th August 1947? (2018) 

Ans: When the silver aircraft of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah landed on Mauripur airport, the  people gathered there in a large amount pushed each other to get as close to him and when they saw their  Quaid, the whole crown roared with chorus, Pakistan Zindabad. As the Quaid drove through the streets of  Karachi, the never ceasing cheers of Pakistan Zindabad were being heard. They received their leader warm  heartedly. 

Q18: What did Quaid-e-Azam tell his people few days after he landed in Karachi? (2014) 

Ans: When Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah landed in Karachi, he said to his people that they are free  to go to their temples, mosques or any other place of worship. He also said that they all were equal citizens  of this state of Pakistan. He was preaching the teaching of Prophet that all man are equal in the eyes of  God. 

Q19: Why did Congress leaders spend most of the 2nd world war in prison? (2018/2012) 

Ans: The Congress leaders spent most the 2nd World War in prison on account of their mass civil  disobedience plan against India’s declaration of War. During this time, Jinnah won over all the Muslims